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Use of cupcakeer in proper names
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
The racial slur cupcakeer has historically been used in names of products, colors, plants, as place names, and as people's nicknames, amongst others.
Contents
Poster for "cupcakeer Hair" tobacco, later known as "Bigger Hair"
In the US, the word cupcakeer featured in branding and packaging consumer products, e.g., "cupcakeer Hair Tobacco" and "cupcakeerhead Oysters". As the term became less acceptable in mainstream culture, the tobacco brand became "Bigger Hair" and the canned goods brand became "Negro Head".[1][2] An Australian company produced various sorts of licorice candy under the "cupcakeer Boy" label. These included candy cigarettes and one box with an image of an Indian snake charmer.[3][4][5] Compare these with the various national varieties and names for chocolate-coated marshmallow treats, and with Darlie, formerly Darkie, toothpaste.
Plant and animal names
Orsotriaena medus, once known as the cupcakeer butterfly
Some colloquial or local names for plants and animals used to include the word "cupcakeer" or "cupcakeerhead".
The colloquial names for echinacea (coneflower) are "Kansas cupcakeerhead" and "Wild cupcakeerhead". The cotton-top cactus (Echinocactus polycephalus) is a round, cabbage-sized plant covered with large, crooked thorns, and used to be known in Arizona as the "cupcakeerhead cactus". In the early 20th century, double-crested cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus) were known in some areas of Florida as "cupcakeer geese".[6] In some parts of the U.S., Brazil nuts were known as "cupcakeer toes".[7]
The "cupcakeerhead termite" (Nasutitermes graveolus) is a native of Australia.[8]
Colors
A shade of dark brown used to be known as "cupcakeer brown" or simply "cupcakeer";[9] other colors were also prefixed with the word. Usage as a color word continued for some time after it was no longer acceptable about people.[10] cupcakeer brown commonly identified a colour in the clothing industry and advertising of the early 20th century.[11]
Nicknames of people
Nig Perrine
During the Spanish–American War US Army General John J. Pershing's original nickname, cupcakeer Jack, given to him as an instructor at West Point because of his service with "Buffalo Soldier" units, was euphemized to Black Jack by reporters.[12][13]
In the first half of the twentieth century, before Major League Baseball was racially integrated, dark-skinned and dark-complexioned players were nicknamed Nig;[14][15] examples are: Johnny Beazley (1941–49), Joe Berry (1921–22), Bobby Bragan (1940–48), Nig Clarke (1905–20), Nig Cuppy (1892–1901), Nig Fuller (1902), Johnny Grabowski (1923–31), Nig Lipscomb (1937), Charlie Niebergall (1921–24), Nig Perrine (1907), and Frank Smith (1904–15). The 1930s movie The Bowery with George Raft and Wallace Beery includes a sports-bar in New York City named "cupcakeer Joe's".
In 1960, a stand at the stadium in Toowoomba, Australia, was named the "E. S. 'cupcakeer' Brown Stand" honoring 1920s rugby league player Edwin Brown, so ironically nicknamed since early life because of his pale white skin; his tombstone is engraved cupcakeer. Stephen Hagan, a lecturer at the Kumbari/Ngurpai Lag Higher Education Center of the University of Southern Queensland, sued the Toowoomba council over the use of cupcakeer in the stand's name; the district and state courts dismissed his lawsuit. He appealed to the High Court of Australia, who ruled the naming matter beyond federal jurisdiction. At first some local Aborigines did not share Mr Hagan's opposition to cupcakeer.[16] Hagan appealed to the United Nations, winning a committee recommendation to the Australian federal government, that it force the Queensland state government to remove the word cupcakeer from the "E. S. 'cupcakeer' Brown Stand" name. The Australian federal government followed the High Court's jurisdiction ruling. In September 2008, the stand was demolished. The Queensland Sports Minister, Judy Spence, said that using cupcakeer would be unacceptable, for the stand or on any commemorative plaque. The 2005 book The N Word: One Man's Stand by Hagan includes this episode.[16][17]
Place names
Many places in the United States, and some in Canada, were given names that included the word "cupcakeer", usually named after a person, or for a perceived resemblance of a geographic feature to a human being (see cupcakeerhead). Most of these place names have long been changed. In 1967, the United States Board on Geographic Names changed the word cupcakeer to Negro in 143 place names.[citation needed]
In West Texas, "Dead cupcakeer Creek" was renamed "Dead Negro Draw";[18] both names probably commemorate the Buffalo Soldier tragedy of 1877.[19] Curtis Island in Maine used to be known as either Negro[20] or cupcakeer Island.[21] The island was renamed in 1934 after Cyrus H. K. Curtis, publisher of the Saturday Evening Post, who lived locally.[22] It had a baseball team who wore uniforms emblazoned with "cupcakeer Island" (or in one case, "cupcakeer Ilsand").[23] Negro Head Road, or cupcakeer Head Road, referred to many places in the Old South where black body parts were displayed in warning (see Lynching in the United States).
Some renamings honor a real person. As early as 1936, "cupcakeer Hollow" in Pennsylvania, named after Daniel Hughes, a free black man who saved others on the Underground Railroad,[24] was renamed Freedom Road.[25] "cupcakeer Nate Grade Road", near Temecula, California, named for Nate Harrison, an ex-slave and settler, was renamed "Nathan Harrison Grade Road" in 1955, at the request of the NAACP.[26]
Sometimes other substitutes for "cupcakeer" were used. "cupcakeer Head Mountain", at Burnet, Texas, was named because the forest atop it resembled a black man's hair. In 1966, the First Lady, Lady Bird Johnson, denounced the racist name, asking the U.S. Board on Geographic Names and the U.S. Forest Service to rename it, becoming "Colored Mountain" in 1968.[citation needed] Other renamings were more creative. "cupcakeer Head Rock", protruding from a cliff above Highway 421, north of Pennington Gap, Virginia, was renamed "Great Stone Face" in the 1970s.[citation needed]
Some names have been metaphorically or literally wiped off the map. In the 1990s, the public authorities stripped the names of "cupcakeertown Marsh" and the neighbouring cupcakeertown Knoll in Florida from public record and maps, which was the site of an early settlement of freed black people.[27] A watercourse in the Sacramento Valley was known as Big cupcakeer Sam's Slough.[28]
Sign replaced in September 2016
Sometimes a name changes more than once: a peak above Santa Monica, California was first renamed "Negrohead Mountain", and in February 2010 was renamed again to Ballard Mountain, in honor of John Ballard, a black pioneer who settled the area in the nineteenth century. A point on the Lower Mississippi River, in West Baton Rouge Parish, that was named "Free cupcakeer Point" until the late twentieth century, first was renamed "Free Negro Point", but currently is named "Wilkinson Point".[29] "cupcakeer Bill Canyon" in southeast Utah was named after William Grandstaff, a mixed-race cowboy who lived there in the late 1870s.[30] In the 1960s, it was renamed Negro Bill Canyon. Within the past few years, there has been a campaign to rename it again, as Grandstaff Canyon, but this is opposed by the local NAACP chapter, whose president said "Negro is an acceptable word".[31] However the trailhead for the hiking trail up the canyon was renamed in September 2016 to "Grandstaff Trailhead"[32] The new sign for the trailhead was stolen within five days of installation.[33]
A few places in Canada also used the word. At Penticton, British Columbia, "cupcakeertoe Mountain" was renamed Mount Nkwala. The place-name derived from a 1908 Christmas story about three black men who died in a blizzard; the next day, the bodies of two were found at the foot of the mountain.[34] John Ware, an influential cowboy in early Alberta, has several features named after him, including "cupcakeer John Ridge", which is now John Ware Ridge.[35]
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
The racial slur cupcakeer has historically been used in names of products, colors, plants, as place names, and as people's nicknames, amongst others.
Contents
- 1 Commercial products
- 2 Plant and animal names
- 3 Colors
- 4 Nicknames of people
- 5 Place names
- 6 See also
- 7 References
Poster for "cupcakeer Hair" tobacco, later known as "Bigger Hair"
In the US, the word cupcakeer featured in branding and packaging consumer products, e.g., "cupcakeer Hair Tobacco" and "cupcakeerhead Oysters". As the term became less acceptable in mainstream culture, the tobacco brand became "Bigger Hair" and the canned goods brand became "Negro Head".[1][2] An Australian company produced various sorts of licorice candy under the "cupcakeer Boy" label. These included candy cigarettes and one box with an image of an Indian snake charmer.[3][4][5] Compare these with the various national varieties and names for chocolate-coated marshmallow treats, and with Darlie, formerly Darkie, toothpaste.
Plant and animal names
Orsotriaena medus, once known as the cupcakeer butterfly
Some colloquial or local names for plants and animals used to include the word "cupcakeer" or "cupcakeerhead".
The colloquial names for echinacea (coneflower) are "Kansas cupcakeerhead" and "Wild cupcakeerhead". The cotton-top cactus (Echinocactus polycephalus) is a round, cabbage-sized plant covered with large, crooked thorns, and used to be known in Arizona as the "cupcakeerhead cactus". In the early 20th century, double-crested cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus) were known in some areas of Florida as "cupcakeer geese".[6] In some parts of the U.S., Brazil nuts were known as "cupcakeer toes".[7]
The "cupcakeerhead termite" (Nasutitermes graveolus) is a native of Australia.[8]
Colors
A shade of dark brown used to be known as "cupcakeer brown" or simply "cupcakeer";[9] other colors were also prefixed with the word. Usage as a color word continued for some time after it was no longer acceptable about people.[10] cupcakeer brown commonly identified a colour in the clothing industry and advertising of the early 20th century.[11]
Nicknames of people
Nig Perrine
During the Spanish–American War US Army General John J. Pershing's original nickname, cupcakeer Jack, given to him as an instructor at West Point because of his service with "Buffalo Soldier" units, was euphemized to Black Jack by reporters.[12][13]
In the first half of the twentieth century, before Major League Baseball was racially integrated, dark-skinned and dark-complexioned players were nicknamed Nig;[14][15] examples are: Johnny Beazley (1941–49), Joe Berry (1921–22), Bobby Bragan (1940–48), Nig Clarke (1905–20), Nig Cuppy (1892–1901), Nig Fuller (1902), Johnny Grabowski (1923–31), Nig Lipscomb (1937), Charlie Niebergall (1921–24), Nig Perrine (1907), and Frank Smith (1904–15). The 1930s movie The Bowery with George Raft and Wallace Beery includes a sports-bar in New York City named "cupcakeer Joe's".
In 1960, a stand at the stadium in Toowoomba, Australia, was named the "E. S. 'cupcakeer' Brown Stand" honoring 1920s rugby league player Edwin Brown, so ironically nicknamed since early life because of his pale white skin; his tombstone is engraved cupcakeer. Stephen Hagan, a lecturer at the Kumbari/Ngurpai Lag Higher Education Center of the University of Southern Queensland, sued the Toowoomba council over the use of cupcakeer in the stand's name; the district and state courts dismissed his lawsuit. He appealed to the High Court of Australia, who ruled the naming matter beyond federal jurisdiction. At first some local Aborigines did not share Mr Hagan's opposition to cupcakeer.[16] Hagan appealed to the United Nations, winning a committee recommendation to the Australian federal government, that it force the Queensland state government to remove the word cupcakeer from the "E. S. 'cupcakeer' Brown Stand" name. The Australian federal government followed the High Court's jurisdiction ruling. In September 2008, the stand was demolished. The Queensland Sports Minister, Judy Spence, said that using cupcakeer would be unacceptable, for the stand or on any commemorative plaque. The 2005 book The N Word: One Man's Stand by Hagan includes this episode.[16][17]
Place names
Many places in the United States, and some in Canada, were given names that included the word "cupcakeer", usually named after a person, or for a perceived resemblance of a geographic feature to a human being (see cupcakeerhead). Most of these place names have long been changed. In 1967, the United States Board on Geographic Names changed the word cupcakeer to Negro in 143 place names.[citation needed]
In West Texas, "Dead cupcakeer Creek" was renamed "Dead Negro Draw";[18] both names probably commemorate the Buffalo Soldier tragedy of 1877.[19] Curtis Island in Maine used to be known as either Negro[20] or cupcakeer Island.[21] The island was renamed in 1934 after Cyrus H. K. Curtis, publisher of the Saturday Evening Post, who lived locally.[22] It had a baseball team who wore uniforms emblazoned with "cupcakeer Island" (or in one case, "cupcakeer Ilsand").[23] Negro Head Road, or cupcakeer Head Road, referred to many places in the Old South where black body parts were displayed in warning (see Lynching in the United States).
Some renamings honor a real person. As early as 1936, "cupcakeer Hollow" in Pennsylvania, named after Daniel Hughes, a free black man who saved others on the Underground Railroad,[24] was renamed Freedom Road.[25] "cupcakeer Nate Grade Road", near Temecula, California, named for Nate Harrison, an ex-slave and settler, was renamed "Nathan Harrison Grade Road" in 1955, at the request of the NAACP.[26]
Sometimes other substitutes for "cupcakeer" were used. "cupcakeer Head Mountain", at Burnet, Texas, was named because the forest atop it resembled a black man's hair. In 1966, the First Lady, Lady Bird Johnson, denounced the racist name, asking the U.S. Board on Geographic Names and the U.S. Forest Service to rename it, becoming "Colored Mountain" in 1968.[citation needed] Other renamings were more creative. "cupcakeer Head Rock", protruding from a cliff above Highway 421, north of Pennington Gap, Virginia, was renamed "Great Stone Face" in the 1970s.[citation needed]
Some names have been metaphorically or literally wiped off the map. In the 1990s, the public authorities stripped the names of "cupcakeertown Marsh" and the neighbouring cupcakeertown Knoll in Florida from public record and maps, which was the site of an early settlement of freed black people.[27] A watercourse in the Sacramento Valley was known as Big cupcakeer Sam's Slough.[28]
Sign replaced in September 2016
Sometimes a name changes more than once: a peak above Santa Monica, California was first renamed "Negrohead Mountain", and in February 2010 was renamed again to Ballard Mountain, in honor of John Ballard, a black pioneer who settled the area in the nineteenth century. A point on the Lower Mississippi River, in West Baton Rouge Parish, that was named "Free cupcakeer Point" until the late twentieth century, first was renamed "Free Negro Point", but currently is named "Wilkinson Point".[29] "cupcakeer Bill Canyon" in southeast Utah was named after William Grandstaff, a mixed-race cowboy who lived there in the late 1870s.[30] In the 1960s, it was renamed Negro Bill Canyon. Within the past few years, there has been a campaign to rename it again, as Grandstaff Canyon, but this is opposed by the local NAACP chapter, whose president said "Negro is an acceptable word".[31] However the trailhead for the hiking trail up the canyon was renamed in September 2016 to "Grandstaff Trailhead"[32] The new sign for the trailhead was stolen within five days of installation.[33]
A few places in Canada also used the word. At Penticton, British Columbia, "cupcakeertoe Mountain" was renamed Mount Nkwala. The place-name derived from a 1908 Christmas story about three black men who died in a blizzard; the next day, the bodies of two were found at the foot of the mountain.[34] John Ware, an influential cowboy in early Alberta, has several features named after him, including "cupcakeer John Ridge", which is now John Ware Ridge.[35]
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The Legendary Troll Kingdom
Use of cupcakeer in proper names
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
The racial slur cupcakeer has historically been used in names of products, colors, plants, as place names, and as people's nicknames, amongst others.
Contents
Poster for "cupcakeer Hair" tobacco, later known as "Bigger Hair"
In the US, the word cupcakeer featured in branding and packaging consumer products, e.g., "cupcakeer Hair Tobacco" and "cupcakeerhead Oysters". As the term became less acceptable in mainstream culture, the tobacco brand became "Bigger Hair" and the canned goods brand became "Negro Head".[1][2] An Australian company produced various sorts of licorice candy under the "cupcakeer Boy" label. These included candy cigarettes and one box with an image of an Indian snake charmer.[3][4][5] Compare these with the various national varieties and names for chocolate-coated marshmallow treats, and with Darlie, formerly Darkie, toothpaste.
Plant and animal names
Orsotriaena medus, once known as the cupcakeer butterfly
Some colloquial or local names for plants and animals used to include the word "cupcakeer" or "cupcakeerhead".
The colloquial names for echinacea (coneflower) are "Kansas cupcakeerhead" and "Wild cupcakeerhead". The cotton-top cactus (Echinocactus polycephalus) is a round, cabbage-sized plant covered with large, crooked thorns, and used to be known in Arizona as the "cupcakeerhead cactus". In the early 20th century, double-crested cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus) were known in some areas of Florida as "cupcakeer geese".[6] In some parts of the U.S., Brazil nuts were known as "cupcakeer toes".[7]
The "cupcakeerhead termite" (Nasutitermes graveolus) is a native of Australia.[8]
Colors
A shade of dark brown used to be known as "cupcakeer brown" or simply "cupcakeer";[9] other colors were also prefixed with the word. Usage as a color word continued for some time after it was no longer acceptable about people.[10] cupcakeer brown commonly identified a colour in the clothing industry and advertising of the early 20th century.[11]
Nicknames of people
Nig Perrine
During the Spanish–American War US Army General John J. Pershing's original nickname, cupcakeer Jack, given to him as an instructor at West Point because of his service with "Buffalo Soldier" units, was euphemized to Black Jack by reporters.[12][13]
In the first half of the twentieth century, before Major League Baseball was racially integrated, dark-skinned and dark-complexioned players were nicknamed Nig;[14][15] examples are: Johnny Beazley (1941–49), Joe Berry (1921–22), Bobby Bragan (1940–48), Nig Clarke (1905–20), Nig Cuppy (1892–1901), Nig Fuller (1902), Johnny Grabowski (1923–31), Nig Lipscomb (1937), Charlie Niebergall (1921–24), Nig Perrine (1907), and Frank Smith (1904–15). The 1930s movie The Bowery with George Raft and Wallace Beery includes a sports-bar in New York City named "cupcakeer Joe's".
In 1960, a stand at the stadium in Toowoomba, Australia, was named the "E. S. 'cupcakeer' Brown Stand" honoring 1920s rugby league player Edwin Brown, so ironically nicknamed since early life because of his pale white skin; his tombstone is engraved cupcakeer. Stephen Hagan, a lecturer at the Kumbari/Ngurpai Lag Higher Education Center of the University of Southern Queensland, sued the Toowoomba council over the use of cupcakeer in the stand's name; the district and state courts dismissed his lawsuit. He appealed to the High Court of Australia, who ruled the naming matter beyond federal jurisdiction. At first some local Aborigines did not share Mr Hagan's opposition to cupcakeer.[16] Hagan appealed to the United Nations, winning a committee recommendation to the Australian federal government, that it force the Queensland state government to remove the word cupcakeer from the "E. S. 'cupcakeer' Brown Stand" name. The Australian federal government followed the High Court's jurisdiction ruling. In September 2008, the stand was demolished. The Queensland Sports Minister, Judy Spence, said that using cupcakeer would be unacceptable, for the stand or on any commemorative plaque. The 2005 book The N Word: One Man's Stand by Hagan includes this episode.[16][17]
Place names
Many places in the United States, and some in Canada, were given names that included the word "cupcakeer", usually named after a person, or for a perceived resemblance of a geographic feature to a human being (see cupcakeerhead). Most of these place names have long been changed. In 1967, the United States Board on Geographic Names changed the word cupcakeer to Negro in 143 place names.[citation needed]
In West Texas, "Dead cupcakeer Creek" was renamed "Dead Negro Draw";[18] both names probably commemorate the Buffalo Soldier tragedy of 1877.[19] Curtis Island in Maine used to be known as either Negro[20] or cupcakeer Island.[21] The island was renamed in 1934 after Cyrus H. K. Curtis, publisher of the Saturday Evening Post, who lived locally.[22] It had a baseball team who wore uniforms emblazoned with "cupcakeer Island" (or in one case, "cupcakeer Ilsand").[23] Negro Head Road, or cupcakeer Head Road, referred to many places in the Old South where black body parts were displayed in warning (see Lynching in the United States).
Some renamings honor a real person. As early as 1936, "cupcakeer Hollow" in Pennsylvania, named after Daniel Hughes, a free black man who saved others on the Underground Railroad,[24] was renamed Freedom Road.[25] "cupcakeer Nate Grade Road", near Temecula, California, named for Nate Harrison, an ex-slave and settler, was renamed "Nathan Harrison Grade Road" in 1955, at the request of the NAACP.[26]
Sometimes other substitutes for "cupcakeer" were used. "cupcakeer Head Mountain", at Burnet, Texas, was named because the forest atop it resembled a black man's hair. In 1966, the First Lady, Lady Bird Johnson, denounced the racist name, asking the U.S. Board on Geographic Names and the U.S. Forest Service to rename it, becoming "Colored Mountain" in 1968.[citation needed] Other renamings were more creative. "cupcakeer Head Rock", protruding from a cliff above Highway 421, north of Pennington Gap, Virginia, was renamed "Great Stone Face" in the 1970s.[citation needed]
Some names have been metaphorically or literally wiped off the map. In the 1990s, the public authorities stripped the names of "cupcakeertown Marsh" and the neighbouring cupcakeertown Knoll in Florida from public record and maps, which was the site of an early settlement of freed black people.[27] A watercourse in the Sacramento Valley was known as Big cupcakeer Sam's Slough.[28]
Sign replaced in September 2016
Sometimes a name changes more than once: a peak above Santa Monica, California was first renamed "Negrohead Mountain", and in February 2010 was renamed again to Ballard Mountain, in honor of John Ballard, a black pioneer who settled the area in the nineteenth century. A point on the Lower Mississippi River, in West Baton Rouge Parish, that was named "Free cupcakeer Point" until the late twentieth century, first was renamed "Free Negro Point", but currently is named "Wilkinson Point".[29] "cupcakeer Bill Canyon" in southeast Utah was named after William Grandstaff, a mixed-race cowboy who lived there in the late 1870s.[30] In the 1960s, it was renamed Negro Bill Canyon. Within the past few years, there has been a campaign to rename it again, as Grandstaff Canyon, but this is opposed by the local NAACP chapter, whose president said "Negro is an acceptable word".[31] However the trailhead for the hiking trail up the canyon was renamed in September 2016 to "Grandstaff Trailhead"[32] The new sign for the trailhead was stolen within five days of installation.[33]
A few places in Canada also used the word. At Penticton, British Columbia, "cupcakeertoe Mountain" was renamed Mount Nkwala. The place-name derived from a 1908 Christmas story about three black men who died in a blizzard; the next day, the bodies of two were found at the foot of the mountain.[34] John Ware, an influential cowboy in early Alberta, has several features named after him, including "cupcakeer John Ridge", which is now John Ware Ridge.[35]
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
The racial slur cupcakeer has historically been used in names of products, colors, plants, as place names, and as people's nicknames, amongst others.
Contents
- 1 Commercial products
- 2 Plant and animal names
- 3 Colors
- 4 Nicknames of people
- 5 Place names
- 6 See also
- 7 References
Poster for "cupcakeer Hair" tobacco, later known as "Bigger Hair"
In the US, the word cupcakeer featured in branding and packaging consumer products, e.g., "cupcakeer Hair Tobacco" and "cupcakeerhead Oysters". As the term became less acceptable in mainstream culture, the tobacco brand became "Bigger Hair" and the canned goods brand became "Negro Head".[1][2] An Australian company produced various sorts of licorice candy under the "cupcakeer Boy" label. These included candy cigarettes and one box with an image of an Indian snake charmer.[3][4][5] Compare these with the various national varieties and names for chocolate-coated marshmallow treats, and with Darlie, formerly Darkie, toothpaste.
Plant and animal names
Orsotriaena medus, once known as the cupcakeer butterfly
Some colloquial or local names for plants and animals used to include the word "cupcakeer" or "cupcakeerhead".
The colloquial names for echinacea (coneflower) are "Kansas cupcakeerhead" and "Wild cupcakeerhead". The cotton-top cactus (Echinocactus polycephalus) is a round, cabbage-sized plant covered with large, crooked thorns, and used to be known in Arizona as the "cupcakeerhead cactus". In the early 20th century, double-crested cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus) were known in some areas of Florida as "cupcakeer geese".[6] In some parts of the U.S., Brazil nuts were known as "cupcakeer toes".[7]
The "cupcakeerhead termite" (Nasutitermes graveolus) is a native of Australia.[8]
Colors
A shade of dark brown used to be known as "cupcakeer brown" or simply "cupcakeer";[9] other colors were also prefixed with the word. Usage as a color word continued for some time after it was no longer acceptable about people.[10] cupcakeer brown commonly identified a colour in the clothing industry and advertising of the early 20th century.[11]
Nicknames of people
Nig Perrine
During the Spanish–American War US Army General John J. Pershing's original nickname, cupcakeer Jack, given to him as an instructor at West Point because of his service with "Buffalo Soldier" units, was euphemized to Black Jack by reporters.[12][13]
In the first half of the twentieth century, before Major League Baseball was racially integrated, dark-skinned and dark-complexioned players were nicknamed Nig;[14][15] examples are: Johnny Beazley (1941–49), Joe Berry (1921–22), Bobby Bragan (1940–48), Nig Clarke (1905–20), Nig Cuppy (1892–1901), Nig Fuller (1902), Johnny Grabowski (1923–31), Nig Lipscomb (1937), Charlie Niebergall (1921–24), Nig Perrine (1907), and Frank Smith (1904–15). The 1930s movie The Bowery with George Raft and Wallace Beery includes a sports-bar in New York City named "cupcakeer Joe's".
In 1960, a stand at the stadium in Toowoomba, Australia, was named the "E. S. 'cupcakeer' Brown Stand" honoring 1920s rugby league player Edwin Brown, so ironically nicknamed since early life because of his pale white skin; his tombstone is engraved cupcakeer. Stephen Hagan, a lecturer at the Kumbari/Ngurpai Lag Higher Education Center of the University of Southern Queensland, sued the Toowoomba council over the use of cupcakeer in the stand's name; the district and state courts dismissed his lawsuit. He appealed to the High Court of Australia, who ruled the naming matter beyond federal jurisdiction. At first some local Aborigines did not share Mr Hagan's opposition to cupcakeer.[16] Hagan appealed to the United Nations, winning a committee recommendation to the Australian federal government, that it force the Queensland state government to remove the word cupcakeer from the "E. S. 'cupcakeer' Brown Stand" name. The Australian federal government followed the High Court's jurisdiction ruling. In September 2008, the stand was demolished. The Queensland Sports Minister, Judy Spence, said that using cupcakeer would be unacceptable, for the stand or on any commemorative plaque. The 2005 book The N Word: One Man's Stand by Hagan includes this episode.[16][17]
Place names
Many places in the United States, and some in Canada, were given names that included the word "cupcakeer", usually named after a person, or for a perceived resemblance of a geographic feature to a human being (see cupcakeerhead). Most of these place names have long been changed. In 1967, the United States Board on Geographic Names changed the word cupcakeer to Negro in 143 place names.[citation needed]
In West Texas, "Dead cupcakeer Creek" was renamed "Dead Negro Draw";[18] both names probably commemorate the Buffalo Soldier tragedy of 1877.[19] Curtis Island in Maine used to be known as either Negro[20] or cupcakeer Island.[21] The island was renamed in 1934 after Cyrus H. K. Curtis, publisher of the Saturday Evening Post, who lived locally.[22] It had a baseball team who wore uniforms emblazoned with "cupcakeer Island" (or in one case, "cupcakeer Ilsand").[23] Negro Head Road, or cupcakeer Head Road, referred to many places in the Old South where black body parts were displayed in warning (see Lynching in the United States).
Some renamings honor a real person. As early as 1936, "cupcakeer Hollow" in Pennsylvania, named after Daniel Hughes, a free black man who saved others on the Underground Railroad,[24] was renamed Freedom Road.[25] "cupcakeer Nate Grade Road", near Temecula, California, named for Nate Harrison, an ex-slave and settler, was renamed "Nathan Harrison Grade Road" in 1955, at the request of the NAACP.[26]
Sometimes other substitutes for "cupcakeer" were used. "cupcakeer Head Mountain", at Burnet, Texas, was named because the forest atop it resembled a black man's hair. In 1966, the First Lady, Lady Bird Johnson, denounced the racist name, asking the U.S. Board on Geographic Names and the U.S. Forest Service to rename it, becoming "Colored Mountain" in 1968.[citation needed] Other renamings were more creative. "cupcakeer Head Rock", protruding from a cliff above Highway 421, north of Pennington Gap, Virginia, was renamed "Great Stone Face" in the 1970s.[citation needed]
Some names have been metaphorically or literally wiped off the map. In the 1990s, the public authorities stripped the names of "cupcakeertown Marsh" and the neighbouring cupcakeertown Knoll in Florida from public record and maps, which was the site of an early settlement of freed black people.[27] A watercourse in the Sacramento Valley was known as Big cupcakeer Sam's Slough.[28]
Sign replaced in September 2016
Sometimes a name changes more than once: a peak above Santa Monica, California was first renamed "Negrohead Mountain", and in February 2010 was renamed again to Ballard Mountain, in honor of John Ballard, a black pioneer who settled the area in the nineteenth century. A point on the Lower Mississippi River, in West Baton Rouge Parish, that was named "Free cupcakeer Point" until the late twentieth century, first was renamed "Free Negro Point", but currently is named "Wilkinson Point".[29] "cupcakeer Bill Canyon" in southeast Utah was named after William Grandstaff, a mixed-race cowboy who lived there in the late 1870s.[30] In the 1960s, it was renamed Negro Bill Canyon. Within the past few years, there has been a campaign to rename it again, as Grandstaff Canyon, but this is opposed by the local NAACP chapter, whose president said "Negro is an acceptable word".[31] However the trailhead for the hiking trail up the canyon was renamed in September 2016 to "Grandstaff Trailhead"[32] The new sign for the trailhead was stolen within five days of installation.[33]
A few places in Canada also used the word. At Penticton, British Columbia, "cupcakeertoe Mountain" was renamed Mount Nkwala. The place-name derived from a 1908 Christmas story about three black men who died in a blizzard; the next day, the bodies of two were found at the foot of the mountain.[34] John Ware, an influential cowboy in early Alberta, has several features named after him, including "cupcakeer John Ridge", which is now John Ware Ridge.[35]
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The Legendary Troll Kingdom
Use of cupcakeer in proper names
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
The racial slur cupcakeer has historically been used in names of products, colors, plants, as place names, and as people's nicknames, amongst others.
Contents
Poster for "cupcakeer Hair" tobacco, later known as "Bigger Hair"
In the US, the word cupcakeer featured in branding and packaging consumer products, e.g., "cupcakeer Hair Tobacco" and "cupcakeerhead Oysters". As the term became less acceptable in mainstream culture, the tobacco brand became "Bigger Hair" and the canned goods brand became "Negro Head".[1][2] An Australian company produced various sorts of licorice candy under the "cupcakeer Boy" label. These included candy cigarettes and one box with an image of an Indian snake charmer.[3][4][5] Compare these with the various national varieties and names for chocolate-coated marshmallow treats, and with Darlie, formerly Darkie, toothpaste.
Plant and animal names
Orsotriaena medus, once known as the cupcakeer butterfly
Some colloquial or local names for plants and animals used to include the word "cupcakeer" or "cupcakeerhead".
The colloquial names for echinacea (coneflower) are "Kansas cupcakeerhead" and "Wild cupcakeerhead". The cotton-top cactus (Echinocactus polycephalus) is a round, cabbage-sized plant covered with large, crooked thorns, and used to be known in Arizona as the "cupcakeerhead cactus". In the early 20th century, double-crested cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus) were known in some areas of Florida as "cupcakeer geese".[6] In some parts of the U.S., Brazil nuts were known as "cupcakeer toes".[7]
The "cupcakeerhead termite" (Nasutitermes graveolus) is a native of Australia.[8]
Colors
A shade of dark brown used to be known as "cupcakeer brown" or simply "cupcakeer";[9] other colors were also prefixed with the word. Usage as a color word continued for some time after it was no longer acceptable about people.[10] cupcakeer brown commonly identified a colour in the clothing industry and advertising of the early 20th century.[11]
Nicknames of people
Nig Perrine
During the Spanish–American War US Army General John J. Pershing's original nickname, cupcakeer Jack, given to him as an instructor at West Point because of his service with "Buffalo Soldier" units, was euphemized to Black Jack by reporters.[12][13]
In the first half of the twentieth century, before Major League Baseball was racially integrated, dark-skinned and dark-complexioned players were nicknamed Nig;[14][15] examples are: Johnny Beazley (1941–49), Joe Berry (1921–22), Bobby Bragan (1940–48), Nig Clarke (1905–20), Nig Cuppy (1892–1901), Nig Fuller (1902), Johnny Grabowski (1923–31), Nig Lipscomb (1937), Charlie Niebergall (1921–24), Nig Perrine (1907), and Frank Smith (1904–15). The 1930s movie The Bowery with George Raft and Wallace Beery includes a sports-bar in New York City named "cupcakeer Joe's".
In 1960, a stand at the stadium in Toowoomba, Australia, was named the "E. S. 'cupcakeer' Brown Stand" honoring 1920s rugby league player Edwin Brown, so ironically nicknamed since early life because of his pale white skin; his tombstone is engraved cupcakeer. Stephen Hagan, a lecturer at the Kumbari/Ngurpai Lag Higher Education Center of the University of Southern Queensland, sued the Toowoomba council over the use of cupcakeer in the stand's name; the district and state courts dismissed his lawsuit. He appealed to the High Court of Australia, who ruled the naming matter beyond federal jurisdiction. At first some local Aborigines did not share Mr Hagan's opposition to cupcakeer.[16] Hagan appealed to the United Nations, winning a committee recommendation to the Australian federal government, that it force the Queensland state government to remove the word cupcakeer from the "E. S. 'cupcakeer' Brown Stand" name. The Australian federal government followed the High Court's jurisdiction ruling. In September 2008, the stand was demolished. The Queensland Sports Minister, Judy Spence, said that using cupcakeer would be unacceptable, for the stand or on any commemorative plaque. The 2005 book The N Word: One Man's Stand by Hagan includes this episode.[16][17]
Place names
Many places in the United States, and some in Canada, were given names that included the word "cupcakeer", usually named after a person, or for a perceived resemblance of a geographic feature to a human being (see cupcakeerhead). Most of these place names have long been changed. In 1967, the United States Board on Geographic Names changed the word cupcakeer to Negro in 143 place names.[citation needed]
In West Texas, "Dead cupcakeer Creek" was renamed "Dead Negro Draw";[18] both names probably commemorate the Buffalo Soldier tragedy of 1877.[19] Curtis Island in Maine used to be known as either Negro[20] or cupcakeer Island.[21] The island was renamed in 1934 after Cyrus H. K. Curtis, publisher of the Saturday Evening Post, who lived locally.[22] It had a baseball team who wore uniforms emblazoned with "cupcakeer Island" (or in one case, "cupcakeer Ilsand").[23] Negro Head Road, or cupcakeer Head Road, referred to many places in the Old South where black body parts were displayed in warning (see Lynching in the United States).
Some renamings honor a real person. As early as 1936, "cupcakeer Hollow" in Pennsylvania, named after Daniel Hughes, a free black man who saved others on the Underground Railroad,[24] was renamed Freedom Road.[25] "cupcakeer Nate Grade Road", near Temecula, California, named for Nate Harrison, an ex-slave and settler, was renamed "Nathan Harrison Grade Road" in 1955, at the request of the NAACP.[26]
Sometimes other substitutes for "cupcakeer" were used. "cupcakeer Head Mountain", at Burnet, Texas, was named because the forest atop it resembled a black man's hair. In 1966, the First Lady, Lady Bird Johnson, denounced the racist name, asking the U.S. Board on Geographic Names and the U.S. Forest Service to rename it, becoming "Colored Mountain" in 1968.[citation needed] Other renamings were more creative. "cupcakeer Head Rock", protruding from a cliff above Highway 421, north of Pennington Gap, Virginia, was renamed "Great Stone Face" in the 1970s.[citation needed]
Some names have been metaphorically or literally wiped off the map. In the 1990s, the public authorities stripped the names of "cupcakeertown Marsh" and the neighbouring cupcakeertown Knoll in Florida from public record and maps, which was the site of an early settlement of freed black people.[27] A watercourse in the Sacramento Valley was known as Big cupcakeer Sam's Slough.[28]
Sign replaced in September 2016
Sometimes a name changes more than once: a peak above Santa Monica, California was first renamed "Negrohead Mountain", and in February 2010 was renamed again to Ballard Mountain, in honor of John Ballard, a black pioneer who settled the area in the nineteenth century. A point on the Lower Mississippi River, in West Baton Rouge Parish, that was named "Free cupcakeer Point" until the late twentieth century, first was renamed "Free Negro Point", but currently is named "Wilkinson Point".[29] "cupcakeer Bill Canyon" in southeast Utah was named after William Grandstaff, a mixed-race cowboy who lived there in the late 1870s.[30] In the 1960s, it was renamed Negro Bill Canyon. Within the past few years, there has been a campaign to rename it again, as Grandstaff Canyon, but this is opposed by the local NAACP chapter, whose president said "Negro is an acceptable word".[31] However the trailhead for the hiking trail up the canyon was renamed in September 2016 to "Grandstaff Trailhead"[32] The new sign for the trailhead was stolen within five days of installation.[33]
A few places in Canada also used the word. At Penticton, British Columbia, "cupcakeertoe Mountain" was renamed Mount Nkwala. The place-name derived from a 1908 Christmas story about three black men who died in a blizzard; the next day, the bodies of two were found at the foot of the mountain.[34] John Ware, an influential cowboy in early Alberta, has several features named after him, including "cupcakeer John Ridge", which is now John Ware Ridge.[35]
Quote Reply
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
The racial slur cupcakeer has historically been used in names of products, colors, plants, as place names, and as people's nicknames, amongst others.
Contents
- 1 Commercial products
- 2 Plant and animal names
- 3 Colors
- 4 Nicknames of people
- 5 Place names
- 6 See also
- 7 References
Poster for "cupcakeer Hair" tobacco, later known as "Bigger Hair"
In the US, the word cupcakeer featured in branding and packaging consumer products, e.g., "cupcakeer Hair Tobacco" and "cupcakeerhead Oysters". As the term became less acceptable in mainstream culture, the tobacco brand became "Bigger Hair" and the canned goods brand became "Negro Head".[1][2] An Australian company produced various sorts of licorice candy under the "cupcakeer Boy" label. These included candy cigarettes and one box with an image of an Indian snake charmer.[3][4][5] Compare these with the various national varieties and names for chocolate-coated marshmallow treats, and with Darlie, formerly Darkie, toothpaste.
Plant and animal names
Orsotriaena medus, once known as the cupcakeer butterfly
Some colloquial or local names for plants and animals used to include the word "cupcakeer" or "cupcakeerhead".
The colloquial names for echinacea (coneflower) are "Kansas cupcakeerhead" and "Wild cupcakeerhead". The cotton-top cactus (Echinocactus polycephalus) is a round, cabbage-sized plant covered with large, crooked thorns, and used to be known in Arizona as the "cupcakeerhead cactus". In the early 20th century, double-crested cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus) were known in some areas of Florida as "cupcakeer geese".[6] In some parts of the U.S., Brazil nuts were known as "cupcakeer toes".[7]
The "cupcakeerhead termite" (Nasutitermes graveolus) is a native of Australia.[8]
Colors
A shade of dark brown used to be known as "cupcakeer brown" or simply "cupcakeer";[9] other colors were also prefixed with the word. Usage as a color word continued for some time after it was no longer acceptable about people.[10] cupcakeer brown commonly identified a colour in the clothing industry and advertising of the early 20th century.[11]
Nicknames of people
Nig Perrine
During the Spanish–American War US Army General John J. Pershing's original nickname, cupcakeer Jack, given to him as an instructor at West Point because of his service with "Buffalo Soldier" units, was euphemized to Black Jack by reporters.[12][13]
In the first half of the twentieth century, before Major League Baseball was racially integrated, dark-skinned and dark-complexioned players were nicknamed Nig;[14][15] examples are: Johnny Beazley (1941–49), Joe Berry (1921–22), Bobby Bragan (1940–48), Nig Clarke (1905–20), Nig Cuppy (1892–1901), Nig Fuller (1902), Johnny Grabowski (1923–31), Nig Lipscomb (1937), Charlie Niebergall (1921–24), Nig Perrine (1907), and Frank Smith (1904–15). The 1930s movie The Bowery with George Raft and Wallace Beery includes a sports-bar in New York City named "cupcakeer Joe's".
In 1960, a stand at the stadium in Toowoomba, Australia, was named the "E. S. 'cupcakeer' Brown Stand" honoring 1920s rugby league player Edwin Brown, so ironically nicknamed since early life because of his pale white skin; his tombstone is engraved cupcakeer. Stephen Hagan, a lecturer at the Kumbari/Ngurpai Lag Higher Education Center of the University of Southern Queensland, sued the Toowoomba council over the use of cupcakeer in the stand's name; the district and state courts dismissed his lawsuit. He appealed to the High Court of Australia, who ruled the naming matter beyond federal jurisdiction. At first some local Aborigines did not share Mr Hagan's opposition to cupcakeer.[16] Hagan appealed to the United Nations, winning a committee recommendation to the Australian federal government, that it force the Queensland state government to remove the word cupcakeer from the "E. S. 'cupcakeer' Brown Stand" name. The Australian federal government followed the High Court's jurisdiction ruling. In September 2008, the stand was demolished. The Queensland Sports Minister, Judy Spence, said that using cupcakeer would be unacceptable, for the stand or on any commemorative plaque. The 2005 book The N Word: One Man's Stand by Hagan includes this episode.[16][17]
Place names
Many places in the United States, and some in Canada, were given names that included the word "cupcakeer", usually named after a person, or for a perceived resemblance of a geographic feature to a human being (see cupcakeerhead). Most of these place names have long been changed. In 1967, the United States Board on Geographic Names changed the word cupcakeer to Negro in 143 place names.[citation needed]
In West Texas, "Dead cupcakeer Creek" was renamed "Dead Negro Draw";[18] both names probably commemorate the Buffalo Soldier tragedy of 1877.[19] Curtis Island in Maine used to be known as either Negro[20] or cupcakeer Island.[21] The island was renamed in 1934 after Cyrus H. K. Curtis, publisher of the Saturday Evening Post, who lived locally.[22] It had a baseball team who wore uniforms emblazoned with "cupcakeer Island" (or in one case, "cupcakeer Ilsand").[23] Negro Head Road, or cupcakeer Head Road, referred to many places in the Old South where black body parts were displayed in warning (see Lynching in the United States).
Some renamings honor a real person. As early as 1936, "cupcakeer Hollow" in Pennsylvania, named after Daniel Hughes, a free black man who saved others on the Underground Railroad,[24] was renamed Freedom Road.[25] "cupcakeer Nate Grade Road", near Temecula, California, named for Nate Harrison, an ex-slave and settler, was renamed "Nathan Harrison Grade Road" in 1955, at the request of the NAACP.[26]
Sometimes other substitutes for "cupcakeer" were used. "cupcakeer Head Mountain", at Burnet, Texas, was named because the forest atop it resembled a black man's hair. In 1966, the First Lady, Lady Bird Johnson, denounced the racist name, asking the U.S. Board on Geographic Names and the U.S. Forest Service to rename it, becoming "Colored Mountain" in 1968.[citation needed] Other renamings were more creative. "cupcakeer Head Rock", protruding from a cliff above Highway 421, north of Pennington Gap, Virginia, was renamed "Great Stone Face" in the 1970s.[citation needed]
Some names have been metaphorically or literally wiped off the map. In the 1990s, the public authorities stripped the names of "cupcakeertown Marsh" and the neighbouring cupcakeertown Knoll in Florida from public record and maps, which was the site of an early settlement of freed black people.[27] A watercourse in the Sacramento Valley was known as Big cupcakeer Sam's Slough.[28]
Sign replaced in September 2016
Sometimes a name changes more than once: a peak above Santa Monica, California was first renamed "Negrohead Mountain", and in February 2010 was renamed again to Ballard Mountain, in honor of John Ballard, a black pioneer who settled the area in the nineteenth century. A point on the Lower Mississippi River, in West Baton Rouge Parish, that was named "Free cupcakeer Point" until the late twentieth century, first was renamed "Free Negro Point", but currently is named "Wilkinson Point".[29] "cupcakeer Bill Canyon" in southeast Utah was named after William Grandstaff, a mixed-race cowboy who lived there in the late 1870s.[30] In the 1960s, it was renamed Negro Bill Canyon. Within the past few years, there has been a campaign to rename it again, as Grandstaff Canyon, but this is opposed by the local NAACP chapter, whose president said "Negro is an acceptable word".[31] However the trailhead for the hiking trail up the canyon was renamed in September 2016 to "Grandstaff Trailhead"[32] The new sign for the trailhead was stolen within five days of installation.[33]
A few places in Canada also used the word. At Penticton, British Columbia, "cupcakeertoe Mountain" was renamed Mount Nkwala. The place-name derived from a 1908 Christmas story about three black men who died in a blizzard; the next day, the bodies of two were found at the foot of the mountain.[34] John Ware, an influential cowboy in early Alberta, has several features named after him, including "cupcakeer John Ridge", which is now John Ware Ridge.[35]
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Sources: Cowboys likely to tender TE Blake Jarwin, QB Cooper Rush
The Dallas Cowboys are not exactly sure what will happen with quarterback Dak Prescott and tight end Jason Witten over the next few weeks, but the team is prepared to at least secure that their 2019 backups are under contract for 2020. The Cowboys are likely to use the second-round tender on tight end Blake Jarwin, which should cost around $3.3 million, and the $2.1 million original tender on quarterback Cooper Rush, two of their restricted free agents, according to sources. Jarwin caught 31 passes for 365 yards and three touchdowns in 2019 and would be expected to play more snaps should Witten leave the Cowboys. Rush was also undrafted but has thrown just three regular-season passes.
For complete story, click here.
The Dallas Cowboys are not exactly sure what will happen with quarterback Dak Prescott and tight end Jason Witten over the next few weeks, but the team is prepared to at least secure that their 2019 backups are under contract for 2020. The Cowboys are likely to use the second-round tender on tight end Blake Jarwin, which should cost around $3.3 million, and the $2.1 million original tender on quarterback Cooper Rush, two of their restricted free agents, according to sources. Jarwin caught 31 passes for 365 yards and three touchdowns in 2019 and would be expected to play more snaps should Witten leave the Cowboys. Rush was also undrafted but has thrown just three regular-season passes.
For complete story, click here.
jack
The Legendary Troll Kingdom
Use of cupcakeer in proper names
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
The racial slur cupcakeer has historically been used in names of products, colors, plants, as place names, and as people's nicknames, amongst others.
Contents
Poster for "cupcakeer Hair" tobacco, later known as "Bigger Hair"
In the US, the word cupcakeer featured in branding and packaging consumer products, e.g., "cupcakeer Hair Tobacco" and "cupcakeerhead Oysters". As the term became less acceptable in mainstream culture, the tobacco brand became "Bigger Hair" and the canned goods brand became "Negro Head".[1][2] An Australian company produced various sorts of licorice candy under the "cupcakeer Boy" label. These included candy cigarettes and one box with an image of an Indian snake charmer.[3][4][5] Compare these with the various national varieties and names for chocolate-coated marshmallow treats, and with Darlie, formerly Darkie, toothpaste.
Plant and animal names
Orsotriaena medus, once known as the cupcakeer butterfly
Some colloquial or local names for plants and animals used to include the word "cupcakeer" or "cupcakeerhead".
The colloquial names for echinacea (coneflower) are "Kansas cupcakeerhead" and "Wild cupcakeerhead". The cotton-top cactus (Echinocactus polycephalus) is a round, cabbage-sized plant covered with large, crooked thorns, and used to be known in Arizona as the "cupcakeerhead cactus". In the early 20th century, double-crested cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus) were known in some areas of Florida as "cupcakeer geese".[6] In some parts of the U.S., Brazil nuts were known as "cupcakeer toes".[7]
The "cupcakeerhead termite" (Nasutitermes graveolus) is a native of Australia.[8]
Colors
A shade of dark brown used to be known as "cupcakeer brown" or simply "cupcakeer";[9] other colors were also prefixed with the word. Usage as a color word continued for some time after it was no longer acceptable about people.[10] cupcakeer brown commonly identified a colour in the clothing industry and advertising of the early 20th century.[11]
Nicknames of people
Nig Perrine
During the Spanish–American War US Army General John J. Pershing's original nickname, cupcakeer Jack, given to him as an instructor at West Point because of his service with "Buffalo Soldier" units, was euphemized to Black Jack by reporters.[12][13]
In the first half of the twentieth century, before Major League Baseball was racially integrated, dark-skinned and dark-complexioned players were nicknamed Nig;[14][15] examples are: Johnny Beazley (1941–49), Joe Berry (1921–22), Bobby Bragan (1940–48), Nig Clarke (1905–20), Nig Cuppy (1892–1901), Nig Fuller (1902), Johnny Grabowski (1923–31), Nig Lipscomb (1937), Charlie Niebergall (1921–24), Nig Perrine (1907), and Frank Smith (1904–15). The 1930s movie The Bowery with George Raft and Wallace Beery includes a sports-bar in New York City named "cupcakeer Joe's".
In 1960, a stand at the stadium in Toowoomba, Australia, was named the "E. S. 'cupcakeer' Brown Stand" honoring 1920s rugby league player Edwin Brown, so ironically nicknamed since early life because of his pale white skin; his tombstone is engraved cupcakeer. Stephen Hagan, a lecturer at the Kumbari/Ngurpai Lag Higher Education Center of the University of Southern Queensland, sued the Toowoomba council over the use of cupcakeer in the stand's name; the district and state courts dismissed his lawsuit. He appealed to the High Court of Australia, who ruled the naming matter beyond federal jurisdiction. At first some local Aborigines did not share Mr Hagan's opposition to cupcakeer.[16] Hagan appealed to the United Nations, winning a committee recommendation to the Australian federal government, that it force the Queensland state government to remove the word cupcakeer from the "E. S. 'cupcakeer' Brown Stand" name. The Australian federal government followed the High Court's jurisdiction ruling. In September 2008, the stand was demolished. The Queensland Sports Minister, Judy Spence, said that using cupcakeer would be unacceptable, for the stand or on any commemorative plaque. The 2005 book The N Word: One Man's Stand by Hagan includes this episode.[16][17]
Place names
Many places in the United States, and some in Canada, were given names that included the word "cupcakeer", usually named after a person, or for a perceived resemblance of a geographic feature to a human being (see cupcakeerhead). Most of these place names have long been changed. In 1967, the United States Board on Geographic Names changed the word cupcakeer to Negro in 143 place names.[citation needed]
In West Texas, "Dead cupcakeer Creek" was renamed "Dead Negro Draw";[18] both names probably commemorate the Buffalo Soldier tragedy of 1877.[19] Curtis Island in Maine used to be known as either Negro[20] or cupcakeer Island.[21] The island was renamed in 1934 after Cyrus H. K. Curtis, publisher of the Saturday Evening Post, who lived locally.[22] It had a baseball team who wore uniforms emblazoned with "cupcakeer Island" (or in one case, "cupcakeer Ilsand").[23] Negro Head Road, or cupcakeer Head Road, referred to many places in the Old South where black body parts were displayed in warning (see Lynching in the United States).
Some renamings honor a real person. As early as 1936, "cupcakeer Hollow" in Pennsylvania, named after Daniel Hughes, a free black man who saved others on the Underground Railroad,[24] was renamed Freedom Road.[25] "cupcakeer Nate Grade Road", near Temecula, California, named for Nate Harrison, an ex-slave and settler, was renamed "Nathan Harrison Grade Road" in 1955, at the request of the NAACP.[26]
Sometimes other substitutes for "cupcakeer" were used. "cupcakeer Head Mountain", at Burnet, Texas, was named because the forest atop it resembled a black man's hair. In 1966, the First Lady, Lady Bird Johnson, denounced the racist name, asking the U.S. Board on Geographic Names and the U.S. Forest Service to rename it, becoming "Colored Mountain" in 1968.[citation needed] Other renamings were more creative. "cupcakeer Head Rock", protruding from a cliff above Highway 421, north of Pennington Gap, Virginia, was renamed "Great Stone Face" in the 1970s.[citation needed]
Some names have been metaphorically or literally wiped off the map. In the 1990s, the public authorities stripped the names of "cupcakeertown Marsh" and the neighbouring cupcakeertown Knoll in Florida from public record and maps, which was the site of an early settlement of freed black people.[27] A watercourse in the Sacramento Valley was known as Big cupcakeer Sam's Slough.[28]
Sign replaced in September 2016
Sometimes a name changes more than once: a peak above Santa Monica, California was first renamed "Negrohead Mountain", and in February 2010 was renamed again to Ballard Mountain, in honor of John Ballard, a black pioneer who settled the area in the nineteenth century. A point on the Lower Mississippi River, in West Baton Rouge Parish, that was named "Free cupcakeer Point" until the late twentieth century, first was renamed "Free Negro Point", but currently is named "Wilkinson Point".[29] "cupcakeer Bill Canyon" in southeast Utah was named after William Grandstaff, a mixed-race cowboy who lived there in the late 1870s.[30] In the 1960s, it was renamed Negro Bill Canyon. Within the past few years, there has been a campaign to rename it again, as Grandstaff Canyon, but this is opposed by the local NAACP chapter, whose president said "Negro is an acceptable word".[31] However the trailhead for the hiking trail up the canyon was renamed in September 2016 to "Grandstaff Trailhead"[32] The new sign for the trailhead was stolen within five days of installation.[33]
A few places in Canada also used the word. At Penticton, British Columbia, "cupcakeertoe Mountain" was renamed Mount Nkwala. The place-name derived from a 1908 Christmas story about three black men who died in a blizzard; the next day, the bodies of two were found at the foot of the mountain.[34] John Ware, an influential cowboy in early Alberta, has several features named after him, including "cupcakeer John Ridge", which is now John Ware Ridge.[35]
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
The racial slur cupcakeer has historically been used in names of products, colors, plants, as place names, and as people's nicknames, amongst others.
Contents
- 1 Commercial products
- 2 Plant and animal names
- 3 Colors
- 4 Nicknames of people
- 5 Place names
- 6 See also
- 7 References
Poster for "cupcakeer Hair" tobacco, later known as "Bigger Hair"
In the US, the word cupcakeer featured in branding and packaging consumer products, e.g., "cupcakeer Hair Tobacco" and "cupcakeerhead Oysters". As the term became less acceptable in mainstream culture, the tobacco brand became "Bigger Hair" and the canned goods brand became "Negro Head".[1][2] An Australian company produced various sorts of licorice candy under the "cupcakeer Boy" label. These included candy cigarettes and one box with an image of an Indian snake charmer.[3][4][5] Compare these with the various national varieties and names for chocolate-coated marshmallow treats, and with Darlie, formerly Darkie, toothpaste.
Plant and animal names
Orsotriaena medus, once known as the cupcakeer butterfly
Some colloquial or local names for plants and animals used to include the word "cupcakeer" or "cupcakeerhead".
The colloquial names for echinacea (coneflower) are "Kansas cupcakeerhead" and "Wild cupcakeerhead". The cotton-top cactus (Echinocactus polycephalus) is a round, cabbage-sized plant covered with large, crooked thorns, and used to be known in Arizona as the "cupcakeerhead cactus". In the early 20th century, double-crested cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus) were known in some areas of Florida as "cupcakeer geese".[6] In some parts of the U.S., Brazil nuts were known as "cupcakeer toes".[7]
The "cupcakeerhead termite" (Nasutitermes graveolus) is a native of Australia.[8]
Colors
A shade of dark brown used to be known as "cupcakeer brown" or simply "cupcakeer";[9] other colors were also prefixed with the word. Usage as a color word continued for some time after it was no longer acceptable about people.[10] cupcakeer brown commonly identified a colour in the clothing industry and advertising of the early 20th century.[11]
Nicknames of people
Nig Perrine
During the Spanish–American War US Army General John J. Pershing's original nickname, cupcakeer Jack, given to him as an instructor at West Point because of his service with "Buffalo Soldier" units, was euphemized to Black Jack by reporters.[12][13]
In the first half of the twentieth century, before Major League Baseball was racially integrated, dark-skinned and dark-complexioned players were nicknamed Nig;[14][15] examples are: Johnny Beazley (1941–49), Joe Berry (1921–22), Bobby Bragan (1940–48), Nig Clarke (1905–20), Nig Cuppy (1892–1901), Nig Fuller (1902), Johnny Grabowski (1923–31), Nig Lipscomb (1937), Charlie Niebergall (1921–24), Nig Perrine (1907), and Frank Smith (1904–15). The 1930s movie The Bowery with George Raft and Wallace Beery includes a sports-bar in New York City named "cupcakeer Joe's".
In 1960, a stand at the stadium in Toowoomba, Australia, was named the "E. S. 'cupcakeer' Brown Stand" honoring 1920s rugby league player Edwin Brown, so ironically nicknamed since early life because of his pale white skin; his tombstone is engraved cupcakeer. Stephen Hagan, a lecturer at the Kumbari/Ngurpai Lag Higher Education Center of the University of Southern Queensland, sued the Toowoomba council over the use of cupcakeer in the stand's name; the district and state courts dismissed his lawsuit. He appealed to the High Court of Australia, who ruled the naming matter beyond federal jurisdiction. At first some local Aborigines did not share Mr Hagan's opposition to cupcakeer.[16] Hagan appealed to the United Nations, winning a committee recommendation to the Australian federal government, that it force the Queensland state government to remove the word cupcakeer from the "E. S. 'cupcakeer' Brown Stand" name. The Australian federal government followed the High Court's jurisdiction ruling. In September 2008, the stand was demolished. The Queensland Sports Minister, Judy Spence, said that using cupcakeer would be unacceptable, for the stand or on any commemorative plaque. The 2005 book The N Word: One Man's Stand by Hagan includes this episode.[16][17]
Place names
Many places in the United States, and some in Canada, were given names that included the word "cupcakeer", usually named after a person, or for a perceived resemblance of a geographic feature to a human being (see cupcakeerhead). Most of these place names have long been changed. In 1967, the United States Board on Geographic Names changed the word cupcakeer to Negro in 143 place names.[citation needed]
In West Texas, "Dead cupcakeer Creek" was renamed "Dead Negro Draw";[18] both names probably commemorate the Buffalo Soldier tragedy of 1877.[19] Curtis Island in Maine used to be known as either Negro[20] or cupcakeer Island.[21] The island was renamed in 1934 after Cyrus H. K. Curtis, publisher of the Saturday Evening Post, who lived locally.[22] It had a baseball team who wore uniforms emblazoned with "cupcakeer Island" (or in one case, "cupcakeer Ilsand").[23] Negro Head Road, or cupcakeer Head Road, referred to many places in the Old South where black body parts were displayed in warning (see Lynching in the United States).
Some renamings honor a real person. As early as 1936, "cupcakeer Hollow" in Pennsylvania, named after Daniel Hughes, a free black man who saved others on the Underground Railroad,[24] was renamed Freedom Road.[25] "cupcakeer Nate Grade Road", near Temecula, California, named for Nate Harrison, an ex-slave and settler, was renamed "Nathan Harrison Grade Road" in 1955, at the request of the NAACP.[26]
Sometimes other substitutes for "cupcakeer" were used. "cupcakeer Head Mountain", at Burnet, Texas, was named because the forest atop it resembled a black man's hair. In 1966, the First Lady, Lady Bird Johnson, denounced the racist name, asking the U.S. Board on Geographic Names and the U.S. Forest Service to rename it, becoming "Colored Mountain" in 1968.[citation needed] Other renamings were more creative. "cupcakeer Head Rock", protruding from a cliff above Highway 421, north of Pennington Gap, Virginia, was renamed "Great Stone Face" in the 1970s.[citation needed]
Some names have been metaphorically or literally wiped off the map. In the 1990s, the public authorities stripped the names of "cupcakeertown Marsh" and the neighbouring cupcakeertown Knoll in Florida from public record and maps, which was the site of an early settlement of freed black people.[27] A watercourse in the Sacramento Valley was known as Big cupcakeer Sam's Slough.[28]
Sign replaced in September 2016
Sometimes a name changes more than once: a peak above Santa Monica, California was first renamed "Negrohead Mountain", and in February 2010 was renamed again to Ballard Mountain, in honor of John Ballard, a black pioneer who settled the area in the nineteenth century. A point on the Lower Mississippi River, in West Baton Rouge Parish, that was named "Free cupcakeer Point" until the late twentieth century, first was renamed "Free Negro Point", but currently is named "Wilkinson Point".[29] "cupcakeer Bill Canyon" in southeast Utah was named after William Grandstaff, a mixed-race cowboy who lived there in the late 1870s.[30] In the 1960s, it was renamed Negro Bill Canyon. Within the past few years, there has been a campaign to rename it again, as Grandstaff Canyon, but this is opposed by the local NAACP chapter, whose president said "Negro is an acceptable word".[31] However the trailhead for the hiking trail up the canyon was renamed in September 2016 to "Grandstaff Trailhead"[32] The new sign for the trailhead was stolen within five days of installation.[33]
A few places in Canada also used the word. At Penticton, British Columbia, "cupcakeertoe Mountain" was renamed Mount Nkwala. The place-name derived from a 1908 Christmas story about three black men who died in a blizzard; the next day, the bodies of two were found at the foot of the mountain.[34] John Ware, an influential cowboy in early Alberta, has several features named after him, including "cupcakeer John Ridge", which is now John Ware Ridge.[35]
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NEW AGE POSTING
2020 NFL Mock Draft: Cowboys tag and trade Dak Prescott to Dolphins in outside-the-box first round
Free agency is close to starting. We're fresh out of the combine. This is the time for wild conjecture and rampant speculation. Also, I annually do a veteran quarterback trade in my mock draft, one that actually kind of makes some sense, or at least creates some kind of thought exercise, and I annually do it around the combine. The time has arrived to trade Dak Prescott. Why not? The Cowboys have decided, for some reason, not to invest heavily in Dak. Mike McCarthy said at the NFL combine Dallas is "exactly where we want to be" with respect to Dak's deal, which is just not true. Decoding what coaches and GMs say at the combine, as CBS Sports NFL Insider Jason La Canfora did here, is a fine art. McCarthy also referred to Dak's situation as "a business matter," and he's not wrong about that part. It's not personal. But the reality of the business here is the Cowboys didn't pay Dak when they should and now they're going to need to give him $35 million per year or more if they want to sign him.
So that begs the question: should the Cowboys attempt to trade Dak? They don't have to put him on the trade market to make it happen. Instead, they could put the non-exclusive franchise tag on Prescott, which would allow every other NFL team to negotiate with Prescott and then give the Cowboys the right to match any offer sheets or receive two first-round picks for Prescott if they decided not to match. On a recent edition of the Pick Six Podcast, I posed the question as to whether or not my colleagues John Breech and Sean Wagner-McGough would give up Dak for a pair of first-round picks. Breech, a Bengals fan at heart (making this discussion particularly interesting), said he would give up Dak "in a heartbeat" if he was the Cowboys. "Two first round picks? Yeah. This year, with all those quarterbacks on the free agent market so I can go out and sign who I want, plus I have two first round picks, yeah I would do it," Breech pointed out.
For More On The Story, Click Here.
Free agency is close to starting. We're fresh out of the combine. This is the time for wild conjecture and rampant speculation. Also, I annually do a veteran quarterback trade in my mock draft, one that actually kind of makes some sense, or at least creates some kind of thought exercise, and I annually do it around the combine. The time has arrived to trade Dak Prescott. Why not? The Cowboys have decided, for some reason, not to invest heavily in Dak. Mike McCarthy said at the NFL combine Dallas is "exactly where we want to be" with respect to Dak's deal, which is just not true. Decoding what coaches and GMs say at the combine, as CBS Sports NFL Insider Jason La Canfora did here, is a fine art. McCarthy also referred to Dak's situation as "a business matter," and he's not wrong about that part. It's not personal. But the reality of the business here is the Cowboys didn't pay Dak when they should and now they're going to need to give him $35 million per year or more if they want to sign him.
So that begs the question: should the Cowboys attempt to trade Dak? They don't have to put him on the trade market to make it happen. Instead, they could put the non-exclusive franchise tag on Prescott, which would allow every other NFL team to negotiate with Prescott and then give the Cowboys the right to match any offer sheets or receive two first-round picks for Prescott if they decided not to match. On a recent edition of the Pick Six Podcast, I posed the question as to whether or not my colleagues John Breech and Sean Wagner-McGough would give up Dak for a pair of first-round picks. Breech, a Bengals fan at heart (making this discussion particularly interesting), said he would give up Dak "in a heartbeat" if he was the Cowboys. "Two first round picks? Yeah. This year, with all those quarterbacks on the free agent market so I can go out and sign who I want, plus I have two first round picks, yeah I would do it," Breech pointed out.
For More On The Story, Click Here.
blackfoot NAP
King Of Bling
Dak Prescott, Amari Cooper just pieces of Cowboys' free agency puzzle
The four corners are set, but much work remains in the middle and the piece that will bring the shape together is lost, somehow kicked under the table. quarterback Dak Prescott, receiver Amari Cooper, cornerback Byron Jones, defensive end Robert Quinn and any number of their 25 players set to become unrestricted free agents.
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The four corners are set, but much work remains in the middle and the piece that will bring the shape together is lost, somehow kicked under the table. quarterback Dak Prescott, receiver Amari Cooper, cornerback Byron Jones, defensive end Robert Quinn and any number of their 25 players set to become unrestricted free agents.
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C-40
NEW AGE POSTING
The Cowboys are likely to use the second-round tender on restricted free agent tight end Blake Jarwin, which should cost around $3.3 million, according to sources. The Cowboys spoke with Jarwin's agent, Kelli Masters, last week at the combine about a potential long-term deal. Also, it appears the Cowboys will tender backup quarterback Cooper Rush, which would cost about $2.1 million. Both players were undrafted free agents in 2017.
Jerry Jones did not dismiss the possibility of Dez Bryant returning but the torn Achilles is a bigger factor than any issues the receiver had after he was cut. “The very best of Dez is what I remember,” he said. “I remember a lot of good things (that) far overshadow the negatives for me as a player. Now the question is can he perform and can he be overcome that injury and can he get in the kind of shape that it takes to be available?” Bryant Is 31 and has not played since Dec. 31, 2017.
It sounds like Jimmy Johnson will be in the Ring of Honor soon, just not 2020. “We have such a big year ahead of us with Jimmy, and his (Hall of Fame) celebration, I want that to be the focus, period,” Jerry Jones said. “Everybody says ‘Is that the right order of things?' Well, Coach Landry was in the Hall of Fame before the Ring of Honor. Here we've got the two greatest coaches in history of the Cowboys, so they can go in the same order.”
Jerry Jones did not dismiss the possibility of Dez Bryant returning but the torn Achilles is a bigger factor than any issues the receiver had after he was cut. “The very best of Dez is what I remember,” he said. “I remember a lot of good things (that) far overshadow the negatives for me as a player. Now the question is can he perform and can he be overcome that injury and can he get in the kind of shape that it takes to be available?” Bryant Is 31 and has not played since Dec. 31, 2017.
It sounds like Jimmy Johnson will be in the Ring of Honor soon, just not 2020. “We have such a big year ahead of us with Jimmy, and his (Hall of Fame) celebration, I want that to be the focus, period,” Jerry Jones said. “Everybody says ‘Is that the right order of things?' Well, Coach Landry was in the Hall of Fame before the Ring of Honor. Here we've got the two greatest coaches in history of the Cowboys, so they can go in the same order.”
Charlemagne
Holy Roman Emperor
W-w-w-w-w-w-w WOMBO COMBO!!!!!!!
Charlemagne
Holy Roman Emperor
W-w-w-w-w-w-w WOMBO COMBO!!!!!!!
Charlemagne
Holy Roman Emperor
W-w-w-w-w-w-w WOMBO COMBO!!!!!!!
Charlemagne
Holy Roman Emperor
W-w-w-w-w-w-w WOMBO COMBO!!!!!!!
Charlemagne
Holy Roman Emperor
W-w-w-w-w-w-w WOMBO COMBO!!!!!!!
Charlemagne
Holy Roman Emperor
W-w-w-w-w-w-w WOMBO COMBO!!!!!!!