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Dr Dave's medical terms thread
- Thread starter Dr Dave
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Dr Dave
pillzlol
Yes
*hands over pills*
Achondrogenesis type II: A severe inherited disorder of bone growth characterized by a short body and limbs and a lack of bone formation in the spine and pelvis.
Infants with this disorder have short arms and legs, a small chest with short ribs, and underdeveloped lungs. The skull bones may be soft, but they often appear normal on X-ray images. In contrast, bones in the spine (vertebrae) and pelvis do not harden, or ossify. Typical facial features include a prominent forehead, a small chin, and, in some cases, an opening in the roof of the mouth (cleft palate). The abdomen is enlarged, and excess fluid builds up in the body before birth (a condition called hydrops fetalis). Infants with this disease are usually premature and stillborn or die shortly after birth from respiratory failure. Some infants have lived for a time, however, with intensive medical support.
Mutations in a gene called COL2A1 cause achondrogenesis type II, which is the most severe condition in a spectrum of disorders caused by mutations in the COL2A1 gene. The protein made by this gene forms type II collagen, a molecule found mostly in cartilage and in the clear gel that fills the eyeball (the vitreous). Type II collagen is essential for the normal development of bones and other connective tissues (tissues that form the body's supportive framework). Mutations in the COL2A1 gene interfere with the assembly of type II collagen molecules, which prevents bones from developing properly. Achondrogenesis type II is thus a collagenopathy.
Achondrogenesis type II is caused by a new mutation in the COL2A1 gene. The disorder is an autosomal dominant disorder because only one copy of the altered gene is necessary to cause the condition. The disorder is not passed on to the next generation, however, because affected individuals do not live long enough to have children.
The symbol for achondrogenesis II is ACG2. The disease is also known as achondrogenesis, Langer-Saldino type; chondrogenesis imperfecta; and achondrogenesis-hypochondrogenesis, type II.
*hands over pills*
Achondrogenesis type II: A severe inherited disorder of bone growth characterized by a short body and limbs and a lack of bone formation in the spine and pelvis.
Infants with this disorder have short arms and legs, a small chest with short ribs, and underdeveloped lungs. The skull bones may be soft, but they often appear normal on X-ray images. In contrast, bones in the spine (vertebrae) and pelvis do not harden, or ossify. Typical facial features include a prominent forehead, a small chin, and, in some cases, an opening in the roof of the mouth (cleft palate). The abdomen is enlarged, and excess fluid builds up in the body before birth (a condition called hydrops fetalis). Infants with this disease are usually premature and stillborn or die shortly after birth from respiratory failure. Some infants have lived for a time, however, with intensive medical support.
Mutations in a gene called COL2A1 cause achondrogenesis type II, which is the most severe condition in a spectrum of disorders caused by mutations in the COL2A1 gene. The protein made by this gene forms type II collagen, a molecule found mostly in cartilage and in the clear gel that fills the eyeball (the vitreous). Type II collagen is essential for the normal development of bones and other connective tissues (tissues that form the body's supportive framework). Mutations in the COL2A1 gene interfere with the assembly of type II collagen molecules, which prevents bones from developing properly. Achondrogenesis type II is thus a collagenopathy.
Achondrogenesis type II is caused by a new mutation in the COL2A1 gene. The disorder is an autosomal dominant disorder because only one copy of the altered gene is necessary to cause the condition. The disorder is not passed on to the next generation, however, because affected individuals do not live long enough to have children.
The symbol for achondrogenesis II is ACG2. The disease is also known as achondrogenesis, Langer-Saldino type; chondrogenesis imperfecta; and achondrogenesis-hypochondrogenesis, type II.
Dr Dave
pillzlol
Don't tweek out on us
Acyclovir: (Brand name: Zovirax) One of a group of antiviral drugs that acts against the herpes viruses, including:
* Herpes simplex 1 which causes cold sores
* Herpes simplex 2 which causes genital herpes
* Varicella-zoster which causes both chickenpox and shingles
* Epstein-Barr virus which causes infectious mononucleosis
Acyclovir inhibits the replication of viral DNA needed to reproduce itself. Virally infected cells absorb more acyclovir than normal cells and convert more of it to an active form which prolongs its antiviral activity where it is most needed. Acyclovir may reduce the severity and duration of a shingles attack if given soon after the onset of symptoms.
Acyclovir: (Brand name: Zovirax) One of a group of antiviral drugs that acts against the herpes viruses, including:
* Herpes simplex 1 which causes cold sores
* Herpes simplex 2 which causes genital herpes
* Varicella-zoster which causes both chickenpox and shingles
* Epstein-Barr virus which causes infectious mononucleosis
Acyclovir inhibits the replication of viral DNA needed to reproduce itself. Virally infected cells absorb more acyclovir than normal cells and convert more of it to an active form which prolongs its antiviral activity where it is most needed. Acyclovir may reduce the severity and duration of a shingles attack if given soon after the onset of symptoms.
Dr Dave
pillzlol
Best get that taken care of
Acute-phase protein: Any protein whose plasma concentration increases (or decreases) by 25% or more during certain inflammatory disorders. The acute-phase proteins include C-reactive protein (CRP), serum amyloid A (SAA), fibrinogen, and alpha 1-acid glycoprotein.
Perhaps the best known of these acute-phase proteins is CRP, a plasma protein that rises in the blood with inflammation. The level of CRP in blood plasma can rise as high as 1000-fold with inflammation. Conditions that commonly lead to marked changes in CRP include infection, trauma, surgery, burns, inflammatory conditions, and advanced cancer. Moderate changes occur after strenuous exercise, heatstroke, and childbirth. Small changes in CRP occur after psychological stress and in several psychiatric illnesses.
C-reactive protein is a test of value. Marked rises in CRP reflect the presence and intensity of inflammation. An elevation in CRP, however, is not a telltale sign pointing to just one disease.
Also called an acute-phase reactant.
Acute-phase protein: Any protein whose plasma concentration increases (or decreases) by 25% or more during certain inflammatory disorders. The acute-phase proteins include C-reactive protein (CRP), serum amyloid A (SAA), fibrinogen, and alpha 1-acid glycoprotein.
Perhaps the best known of these acute-phase proteins is CRP, a plasma protein that rises in the blood with inflammation. The level of CRP in blood plasma can rise as high as 1000-fold with inflammation. Conditions that commonly lead to marked changes in CRP include infection, trauma, surgery, burns, inflammatory conditions, and advanced cancer. Moderate changes occur after strenuous exercise, heatstroke, and childbirth. Small changes in CRP occur after psychological stress and in several psychiatric illnesses.
C-reactive protein is a test of value. Marked rises in CRP reflect the presence and intensity of inflammation. An elevation in CRP, however, is not a telltale sign pointing to just one disease.
Also called an acute-phase reactant.
CaptainWacky
I want to smell dark matter
DOCTOR LEARNING MAKES DAVE FUN
Dr Dave
pillzlol
Avuncular: 1. Literally, relating to an uncle. 2. Figuratively, suggestive of an uncle, as in geniality. 3 In medical genetics, pertaining to an aunt or uncle. An avuncular relationship is the genetic relationship between aunts and uncles and their nieces and nephews. From the Latin avunculus, meaning maternal uncle. The feminine equivalent of avuncular is materteral (like an aunt).
Dr Dave
pillzlol
No
B cell: A type of white blood cell and, specifically, a type of lymphocyte.
Many B cells mature into what are called plasma cells that produce antibodies (proteins) necessary to fight off infections while other B cells mature into memory B cells.
All of the plasma cells descended from a single B cell produce the same antibody which is directed against the antigen that stimulated it to mature. The same principle holds with memory B cells. Thus, all of the plasma cells and memory cells "remember" the stimulus that led to their formation.
The maturation of B cells takes place in birds in an organ called the bursa of Fabricus. B cells in mammals mature largely in the bone marrow.
The B cell, or B lymphocyte, is thus an immunologically important cell. It is not thymus-dependent, has a short lifespan, and is responsible for the production of immunoglobulins. It expresses immunoglobulins on its surface.
B cell: A type of white blood cell and, specifically, a type of lymphocyte.
Many B cells mature into what are called plasma cells that produce antibodies (proteins) necessary to fight off infections while other B cells mature into memory B cells.
All of the plasma cells descended from a single B cell produce the same antibody which is directed against the antigen that stimulated it to mature. The same principle holds with memory B cells. Thus, all of the plasma cells and memory cells "remember" the stimulus that led to their formation.
The maturation of B cells takes place in birds in an organ called the bursa of Fabricus. B cells in mammals mature largely in the bone marrow.
The B cell, or B lymphocyte, is thus an immunologically important cell. It is not thymus-dependent, has a short lifespan, and is responsible for the production of immunoglobulins. It expresses immunoglobulins on its surface.